Metz
From EpiMedDat
In Metz, a total of 20 epidemic events are known so far. It is a city in northeast France located at the confluence of the Moselle and the Seille rivers in France. The coordinates are 49° 7' 11.00" N, 6° 10' 37.00" E.
Map of Metz
Table
| Disease | DateStart date of the disease. | SummarySummary of the disease event | OriginalOriginal text | TranslationEnglish translation of the text | ReferenceReference(s) to literature | Reference translationReference(s) to the translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1271-00-00-Lorraine | 1271 JL | Mortality in Lorraine. | Mortalitas maxima in Lotharingia. Illo anno 20 fratres in convetnu fratrem Predicatorum Metensis mortui sunt. | Great mortality in Lorraine. This year, 20 brothers died in the Dominican monastery of Metz. | Chronica universalis Mettensis 1879, p. 523. | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
| 1316-00-00-Bohemia 002 | 1316 JL | In many lands of the world, including Bohemia, there were a number of natural disasters and pestilences among humans and animals. | Iste annus Domini M.CCC.sextus decimus tot in se pestilentias & miserias continet, quod eas audire auris refugit, mens stupescit; [...] Retulit nobis Dominus Petrus Maguntinus Archiepiscopus, quod infra dimidii anni tempus in civitate solum Meczensi quinquis centum millia hominum mortua sunt, nihilominus equos, oves & boves, & universa pecora campi necuit pestilenitia huius anni, oves enim plures quam mille, [...] in grangiis [Aulam regiam] perierunt. | This year of the Lord 1316 includes so many pestileces and miseries that the ear takes flight from the hearing of it, the mind is stupified. [...] Lord Peter, the archibishop of Mainz has reported to us that within half a year in the city of Metz alone five times one hundredthousand humans have died. What is more, the pestilence of this year has killed horses, pigs, sheep and cattle as well as all animals of the fields. More than one thousand sheep [...] have perished at the farms of the monastery [of Aula Regia]. | Peter of Zittau, Chronicon Aulae Regiae, ed. Dobner 1784, p. 348f. | Translation by Christian Oertel |
| 1316-00-00-Bohemia-3 | 1316 JL | In many lands of the world, e.g. in Saxony, there were a number of natural disasters. Archbishop Peter of Mainz related that in the city of Metz 500.000 humans have died within one year. | anno Domini MCCCXVI cometa in parte aquilonari apparuit. [...] In partibus Saxonie in tantum fluvius Albea excrevit, quod CD et L villas aque vicinas [...] delevit [...]. Et retulit dominus Petrus Maguntinus archiepiscopus, quod in civitate Metensi infra unum annum quinquies C milia hominum mortua sunt, et diversa animalia et peccora campi intereunt huius anni pestilencia. | In the year of the Lord 1316 a comet appeared in the norhern parts. [...] In Saxony the river Elbe grew so much that CD (?) and 50 villages close to the water were destroyed [...]. And Lord Peter, the archibishop of Mainz has reported in the city of Metz within one year fivehundredthousand humans have died and various animals and fruits of the fields perished in this year's plague. | Franciscus Pragensis, Chronica, in: Fontes rerum Bohemicarum, vol. IV, ed. Emler 1884, p. 347-456, p. 383 | Translation by Christian Oertel |
| 1316-00-00-Bohemia-4 | 29 September 1316 JL | In 1316 there was a great plague among the humans in France and Flanders, particularly in Metz where 500.000 humans are said to have died. | Anno domini MCCCXVII [...] Johannes XXI in papam eligitur, et pestilencia maxima hominum in Gallia et Flandria subsequitur, ita ut ville remanerent deserte et specialiter Metis in circa a festa sancti Michaelis usque ad pascha quingenta millis hominum dicantur mortui. | In the year of the Lord 1317 (sic!), John XXI (sic!) was elected as pope and the greatest plague among humans followed imediately in France and Flanders where hardly a village remained undeserted. And particularly Metz, where between around the feast of St Michael and Easter (1317) 500.000 humans are said to have died. | Johannis Neplachonis, Chronica, in: Fontes rerum Bohemicarum, vol. III , Praha 1882 , p. 445-484, 477 | Translation by Christian Oertel |
| 1390-00-00-Wallonia-Rom | 1390 JL | Great mortality in Rome, in Metz and in Liège. | In diebus illis fuit magna mortalitas hominum Rome et eciam Metis, specialiter supra Leodium. Dominus enim papa propter brevitatem vite humanae reduxerat quinquagesimum annum indulgenciarum ad XXXIII annos. Unde propter indulgencias multi peregrini et clerici hoc anno iruerunt Romam. Et nescio si ex corruptione aeris vel occulto Dei judicio propter multitudinem populi illuc convenientis fuit tunc tempus ibi carum in victualibus specialiter in pane, et magna mortalitas hominum ita quod plusquam CCC milia hominum ibi obierunt, ut famabatur. Ymmo etiam dominus papa Bonifacius fuit percussus illa infirmitate, sed per misericordiam Dei evasit et fugit usque Griet. | At that time, there was a great mortality in Rome, in Metz and especially in Liege. Understanding to the brevity of human life, the Pope reduced the jubilee cycle from 50 years to 33 years. Because of this new indulgences, many pilgrims and clerics went to Rome. And, I do not know if this happened because of a corrupted air or because of a secret divine judgment, but because of the multitude of pilgrims the price of food, especially bread, increased a lot. There was also a great mortality, so that it is said that 300,000 people died. Even Pope Boniface was affected by this disease, but thanks to God he escaped. | La chronique liégeoise de 1402, p. 417 | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
| 1465-06-24-Metz | 24 June 1465 JL | Processions were supposed to help improve the weather and end the plague in Metz, but to no avail. | Lejour de feste sainct Jehan decollaistre, audit an [1465], les gens d’eglise et seigneurs de Mets firent faire une procession generale, et furent à Sainct Clement pour prier Diue qu’il voleist secourir son pouvre peuple de Mets, raichetté de son precieulx sang, qui estoit persecute de la peste qui acommenciot fort à perseceutier et alleir par la cite: aussy luy prier pour l’accroissance et amendement des biens de terre; car il faisoit ung pouvre temps, pour les gibnes, de froydure et pluye; et tant que le premier jour de septembre, on n’eust sceu trouveir ung boin raisin meure en vigne. A laquelle procession fut porté le chief du benoit sainct Estienne, et la fierte de sainct Livier et son chief. […] En celluy temps, l’air ne le temps, pour processions que on eust fait, ne se amendoit; et faisoit ung tres pouvre temps, et plus de la moitié de septembre ne fut jour qu’il ne pleust, et chéoit pluye aussy froyde comme à noel. | On the feast day of Saint John the Baptist, in the said year (1465), the ecclesiastics and lords of Mets made a general procession, and went to Sainct Clement to pray to God that he would come to the aid of his poor people of Mets, who were rich in his precious blood, and who were being persecuted by the plague which was beginning to spread throughout the town: We also prayed to him for the growth and improvement of the land; for the weather was poor for game, cold and rainy; and until the first day of September, we could not find a single good grape dying in the vineyard. To this procession was carried the chief of the blessed Saint Stephen, and the pride of Saint Livier and his chief. [...] At that time, the air and the weather did not improve for the processions that were carried out, and the weather was very poor, and for more than half of September there was no day without rain, and the rain was as cold as at Christmas. | Chroniques de la noble ville et cité de Metz, p. 345. | Translation by DeepL |
| 1466-00-00-Metz | 1466 JL | Great plague in the town of Metz. The weather at the end of April and beginning of May was bad with cold rain, resulting in low grape production. To fight the plague, a procession was made to Nostre Dame aux Chairtrieulx. In May the weather improved, but the vines bore few grapes. At the end of May, a procession was held in honour of St. Clement. In June the weather was warm and humid. In August, another procession took place to ask for protection from the plague. The weather was changeable in August and resulted in good wine production. | Audit an [1466], y eult en Mets grosse mortalité de peste. […] Audit an, fist uug tres bel mois de mars et environ la meitte du mois d’apvril; mais le reste du mois d’apvril en jusques au huitiesme jour de may, fist ung tres pouvre temps et chéoit pluye aussi froyde comme à noel, et pleuvoit fort et furent les yawes grandes comme elles avoient esté en hyveir. Et encor audit huitiesme jour de may, on ne véoit en vignes nulz raisins pour le froid temps qu’il avoit fait. Pour invoqueir l’ayde divine contre le temps pestilencieulx qui fort regnoit en Mets, on fist une procession à Nostre Dame aux Chairtrieulx pres du Ponthieffroy, pour alleir querir la fierte et corps de sainct Livier en son eglise, et fut apporté au moustier Sainct Pierre. Depuis le huitiesme jour du mois de may, acomenca à faire ung tres bel et chault temps, et amendont fort les raisins en vignes, mais il en y avoit peu. Audit mois de may, on acomencont fort à molrir en Mets et enz villaiges à l’ entour. (p. 352) […] Le vingt huitiesme jour de may, on fist une tres belle procession generalle à Sainct Clement, pour la mortalité qui estoit fort penetrante. Et y fut porté le chief sainct Estienne, le chief et la fierte sainct Livier, et fut rapport à Mets le corps du benoit St Clement en la grande eglise, et y fut six semaines; ce qu’il n’avoit esté passé, quarante ans, comme on disoit, si longuement. […] En ladicte année, fist ung tres bel mois de jung et si tres chault qu’on ne povoit dureir de chault; et molroit on tousjours en Mets et à l’entour, de plus fort en plus fort. Les vignes estoient peu chargiées de raisins; mais ce qui estoit, se monstroit bel et croissant et de belle appairance. Le cinquiesme, sixiesme et septiesme jour de jullet, en ces trios jours Durant, fist ung terrible temps de deux heures chescun jour seullement; car il ventoit si fort qu’il sembloit que tout deust ester fondu en l’abisme; il tonnoit et eulandoit terriblement; après pleuvoit asprement et si drument qu’il sembloit proprement que touttes les nues deussent tombeir à l’avallée, et tellement qu’il n’y avoit si boin tilz ne sie bien raicowaité en Mets, qui ne fust desrompu et trespassé de vent et de la pluye qui chéoit. […] Et ledit jour mesme [30. Juli 1466], à l’heure que on portoit ledit Jehan le Gournais en terre, acomencait à faire ung tres horrible temps en Mets, de gresle qui chéoit aussy grosse que oeufz d’oye, grosses noix et escuefz à juer à la paulme; et rompit plusieurs vairieres, signament touttes le vairieres de la grande église de St. Vincent, et en plusieurs aultres lieux aval la ville; mais la graice à Dieu, ceste nuée ne fist point de dopmaiges aux champs et cheut quausy toute en ville. (p. 353) […] Le quatorziesme jour d’aoust, on fist une tres belle procession generalle à Mets en la grande eglise, priant Dieu qu’il volcist gardeir et preserveir son people de peste et aultres grieves mallaidies, qui lors persecutoient les habitans de Mets et du pays à l’ entour. Et allont on aux Chairtirez au Ponthieffroy querir la vraye croix qui là estoit apportée de st Eloy, et y portent on le chief sainct Estienne, la fierte sainct Clement et la fierte sainct Livier; et aportont on ladicte vraye croix a St Pierre le Vielz, et y fut en jusques à ce que la pestilence fust cessée. […] Audit an, fist merveilleusement ung bel temps plus de la moitié du mois d’aoust; et fist en aoust sit res chault que à peine le povoit on endureir: parquoy les vins furent si boins et meilleurs qu’ilz n’avoient esté passé trente ans. Et ne vendoit on la quarte de vin de l’an lxv que ung denier, la quarte, et en trouvoit on assez pour une maille, si maindres estoient ilz. Mais les nouvelz vins de ceste presente année, l’an lxvj, et les viez viens de l’an lxiiii, on les vendoit assez briefvement cing deniers la quarte. [p. 354] En ladicte année, fist ung hyveir moeste, et ne fist oncque gellée qui durast plus hault de cinq ou six jours suyvans. | Chroniques de la noble ville et cité de Metz, pp. 352–354 | Translation needed | |
| 1466-00-00-Metz 001 | 1466 JL | High mortality in Metz | Je fais pas point de mention de gens sans nombre, car la mortalité estoit en Mets et ailleurs si grande que c’estoit grant pitiet et longtemps devant n’en avoit heu de pareille. | I make no mention of large numbers of people, because the death rate was so high in Metz and elsewhere that it was a great pity and long before that there had been none like it. | Chronique de Metz de Jacomin Husson, 1200–1525, p. 101 | Translation by Thomas Wozniak |
| 1466-05-00-Metz | 21 May 1466 JL | Mortality in Metz | Et le merquedi après (Ascencion), revint ledit mareschal (de Bourgogne), maix il n'osit venir parmy la cité, pour le doubte de la mortalité. | Wednesday after the Ascencion Day [May 15], the marshal of Burgundy came back, but he did not dare to enter in the city because of the mortality. | Journal de Jean Aubrion, p. 17 | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
| 1466-05-18-Metz | May 1466 JL | An extraordinary procession takes place in Metz the 18th of May against the mortality. | Item, le XVIIIe jour de may, on fist une très belle procession généralle à Saint Clément pour la mortalité, qui estoit très orrible et grosse en Metz. Et y fuit portés le chief du benoy saint Estienne, et le chief et la fierté du benoy saint Liviés. Et raportont-on le corps saint Clément à Mets, en la grant église; et y fuit bien le terme de VI sepmenne, ce qu'il n'avoit esté fait, passé plus de quarante ans. | Because of the mortality, which was severe and horrible in Metz, a wonderful general procession has been held the 18th day of May to the church Saint-Clément, with the relics of St Etienne and of St Liviés. St Clement's body has been brought to the church and stayed there for six weeks, a thing that did not happen since forty years. | Journal de Jean Aubrion, p. 18 | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
| 1466-06-00-Metz | June 1466 JL | People dies of a mortality in Metz, enduring hot temperatures in June. | Item, en la dite année, fit un très bel moix de jung, et sy très chalt con ne le poiot durer de chalt, et moroit on tousiours plus fort | This year, the weather in June has been clear and very hot, so that it was hardly possible to endure the heat. And people continued to die again and again. | Journal de Jean Aubrion, p. 18 | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
| 1466-08-14-Metz | 14 August 1466 JL | A procession is organized in Metz because of the plague. | Item, le XIIIe jour d'aoust, on fist une très belle procession généralle au grant mostiés, pour la pestillence qui coroit fort. Et alloit on quérir la vraie croix de saint Elloy au Chartrieux au pont Thieffroy [...] Et y fuit grant temps, jusques à tant que la pestilence fuit cessée. | Because of the pestilence, a procession has been held at the great church on the 14th of August, with the real cross of St Eloy brought from the carthusian monastery at the Thieffroy bridge [...] And it took a long time before the pestilence ceased. | Journal de Jean Aubrion, p. 20 | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
| 1472-12-00-Metz | December 1472 JL | Mortality in Metz. | Item en ycelle année, il fist ung yver pluvioux et ne gellit presque point ; et molroit on ung poc de la pest et des aprison. | In this year (1472), the winter has been very wet and with almost no frost. And few people died of the pest and of fever. | Journal de Jean Aubrion, p. 17. | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
| 1482-04-00-Metz | April 1482 JL | A mortality breaks out in Metz in April. People first loose their senses, then recover after 3-4 days, then die. | Item, en la dite année, on mois d'apvril, ons commensont fort à mourir de chaulde maladie. Et devenoient les gens vairs; et ne savoient qu'ilz disoient, de force de la dite maladie; et au chiefz de III ou IIII jours, revenoient à leurs entendement; et tantost après, les plusieurs mouroient. | In this year, in April, people began to die of a "hot" disease. They first became green (?) and lost their reason. They recovered after 3 or 4 days, but soon after they died. | Journal de Jean Aubrion, p. 18 | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
| 1482-05-07-Metz | 7 May 1482 JL | A procession is organized in Metz because of the plague. | Item, le VIIe jour du mois de may, nos seigneurs firent faire une procession générale à Saint-Clément [...] Laquelle procession fut ordonnée pour deux choses; la première pour la guerre, et la seconde pour la mortalité, car on commensoit fort à mourir de la peste | Our lords organized a procession on the 7th of May at the chruch of Saint-Clément. I has been decided for two reasons. Fisrtly because of the war, and secondly because of the mortality. Yet, people began to die of pestilence. | Journal de Jean Aubrion, p. 147 | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
| 1483-07-02-Metz | 2 July 1483 JL | A procession is organized in Metz because of the plague. | Item, le second jour de jullet, on fit une procession généralle à St-Arnoult [...]. Et la cause d'icelle procession fut pour troix raixons, le première en remerciant Dieu de la belle année et de la fertillité des biens de terre qu'il nous avoit envoyés, luy priant de les amender; la seconde, luy priant qu'il ly pleut à cesser son ire, pour le fait de la pestillance qui alors couroit trè fort en la cité et au pays; et la tierce, en luy requérant qu'il noz voulust donner victoire encontre nous ennemis, par especial contre ceux de Rechiesmont, où que la cité tenoit le siège. | The 2nd of July was held a procession at St-Arnoult church [...] There was three reasons for this procession. First, to thank God for the fruitful year we had and to ask Him to keep agricultural goods safe. Secondly, to ask Him to stop his wrath, because of the pestilence that ravaged the city and the countryside. Third, to ask Him to give us victory against our enemies, especially concerning the siege of Richemont. | Journal de Jean Aubrion, p. 154 | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
| 1483-08-00-Metz | August 1483 JL | Mortality because of plague in Metz. | Item, on mouroit tousiours fort en Mets de la peste, tellement que tous les seigneurs et dames s'en allont en leurs chastelleries de dehors. | The mortality was still strong in Metz because of the pestilence. So that lords and ladies of high ranks fled to their castles in the countryside. | Journal de Jean Aubrion, p. 156 | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
| 1489-00-00-Metz | 1489 JL | An epidemic of properieulle breaks out in Metz, affecting five sixth of the children and many young adults. | Item, en celle année, rengnait et fut ung grand cours de la maladie con dit Properieulle, et sy fort qu'il n'y avoit mie, de VI ainffans, ung qui ne l'eust. Et, avec ce, y avoit beaucop de gens de XX ans, ou environ yceluy eaige, que l'avoient, dont on disoit que c'estoit signe d'avoir une grant mortalité. | This year the so-called 'properieulle' disease broke out so strongly that five sixth of every children were affected. On top of that, a lot of people aged around 20 years old get it too, and it was said that this was a sign of great mortality to come. | Journal de Jean Aubrion, p. 217 | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
| 1498-06-06-Metz | 6 June 1498 JL | A procession is organized in Metz to prevent the city against an epidemic of rubeola and properieulle (?). Mortality among children and adults. | Item, le mercerdy des festes de la Pentecotte, qui fut le VIe jour de jung, on fit une procession générale [...] en priant Dieu que voloit garder les biens de la terre, et garder la cité et le pays de guerre, et les corps humains de pestillence. Car tous les einffans devenoient mallades et de rougerieulle et de la propérieulle, et en mouroit beaucop, et morut des grans gens aussy. | On Wenesday after the Pentecost, the 6th of June, was held a procession [...] praying God to keep safe the agricultural goods, to prevent the country of the war, and human bodies of pestilence. Every children became actually sick with 'rougerieulle' and 'properieulle', and a lot of them died, as did some adult too. | Journal de Jean Aubrion, p. 405 | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
| 1499-06-00-Metz | 1499 JL | Mortality in Metz during the summer. The members of the city council, who fled away from the city, take some measures to ensure the continuity of their duties. | Item, en ycelle année, pourtant que on mouroit fort en la cité, tous lez seigneurs de la cité estoient dehors en leurs forteresses, et n'y avoit que cuicquonques trèses demeurés en la cité; et furent les adjournés et entrées cessées, et ausy les plaits de la court des clercs. Touteffois, pourtant que plusieurs complainctes venoient journellement a messeigneur les trèses de plusieurs querelles, ilz ordonnont de donner audiance tous les jours, pour choses nécessaires. Et tenoient lor audiance et lor entrée en l'aitrie Saint-Girgonne, et ne lassoient venir devant eulx, à la foy, que deux parties, et les déterminoient incontinent. Et y avoit tousiours II ou III sargens pour faire tirer les gens errière, et pour faire taire les gens qui parloient troup hault, autour et dedant la dite aitrie, affin de mieulx oyr et entendre ceulx qui estoient devant justice. Item, ad cause d'icelle mortalité, affin que les gens ne se frémissent, fut ordonne par messeigneurs de justice que, quant il y avoit aucune personne morte en la cité, que on ne meetit nulles torches aux huxes devant les maisons. | In this year, while the mortality was so great in the city, the rulers of the council of the Thirteen fled in their manors in the countryside. It remained no one of the Thirteen within the walls. Subsequently, all meetings and entries ceased, as well as the trials at the clerics court. However, since some cases remained to be solved every day, they commanded that hearings should be held before the cloister of Saint-Girgonne. They let come to them only two people and gave their sentences immediately. Two or three sergeants were always there to prevent people moving forward and to keep everybody in silence during the audiences. Because of this mortality, it has been forbidden by the council, in order not to frighten people, to put candles in front of doors when someone die in the city. | Journal de Jean Aubrion, pp. 418-419 | Translation by Thomas Labbé |
